Small Is Beautiful is the biggest international exhibition entirely devoted to mini art, with more than 130 exclusive pieces from more than 30 artists. 10. Basia Wesolowska – London. Photo courtesy of Alistair Veryard Photography/Small Is Beautiful. This Polish-born, London-based artist designs these vertical art dreamscapes encased in glass jars. Basia Wesolowska refers to these otherworldly sculptures as “Lands of Glass.”. These faraway towers whisk …New Paltz. The beautiful town of New Paltz in Ulster County lies approximately 88mi (142km) from New York City and 70mi (113km) south of Albany. Largely characterized by the local student population, New Paltz is home to boutique shops and restaurants. The town offers countless outdoor activities, alongside several cultural …Mar 2, 2023 · Mar 02, 2023, 9:29amUpdated on Mar 02, 2023. By: News 12 Staff. /. The world-renowned exhibit Small is Beautiful: Miniature Art Universe has finally arrived in New York. Over 30 artists from ... ほめ育財団主催、NYで「sdgsビジョン共有会 2024」 ... you are at: home » small is beautiful » small is beautiful. small is beautiful 0. on 04/05/2023. 14 Explore Verandah Place, Cobble Hill. Shutterstock. Beautiful tree-lined street with brownstones, Cobble Hill. Verandah Place is one of the most beautiful streets in New York. It is part of Cobble Hill's Historic District and has townhouses dating back to the mid-1800s, and there is a park across the street.Mar 02, 2023, 9:29amUpdated on Mar 02, 2023. By: News 12 Staff. /. The world-renowned exhibit Small is Beautiful: Miniature Art Universe has finally arrived in New York. Over 30 artists from ...Here, the most beautiful and unique NYC apartments on the market right now. 240 Centre St. #PH. Price $14,900,000. Space 4 beds, 4 baths . Neighborhood Little Italy. This four-story penthouse is the spectacular cherry on top of a true Manhattan landmark. The Police Building, so named because it was actually police headquarters …Schumacher, E.F. Small Is Beautiful. A Study of Economics As If People Mattered.London: Blond & Briggs, 1973. Small Is Beautiful is a collection of essays by British economist E. F. Schumacher. Hailed as an “eco-bible” by the Time Magazine, Schumacher’s richly researched statement on sustainability has …Access-restricted-item true Addeddate 2011-09-26 16:30:58 Bookplateleaf 0008 Boxid IA151501 Boxid_2 CH122908 Camera Canon EOS 5D Mark II City New York DonorP. Eichenberger. Political Science, Economics. Capitalism: A Journal of History and Economics. 2022. Abstract:"Small is beautiful," believedthe economist Ernst Friedrich Schumacher.For him, a more humane society required favoring smaller scales over gigantism. In the following essay, I reflect on…. Expand.“Small is beautiful, Miniature Art” is the most important European exhibition to compile the work of 34 local & international miniature artists and present 143 miniature artworks to the general public. After the undisputed success of the #MiniatureArt phenomenon on social networks, the exhibition offers exclusive access to the magical …Mar 2, 2023 · Mar 02, 2023, 9:29amUpdated on Mar 02, 2023. By: News 12 Staff. /. The world-renowned exhibit Small is Beautiful: Miniature Art Universe has finally arrived in New York. Over 30 artists from ... One of the exhibition’s featured artists is dollhouse-maker Nicolas Guérin, who joins Small is Beautiful in New York from Paris, France. Guérin specializes in 17th- and 18th-Century, French Revolution-era architecture with a focus on mansions, townhouses, and châteaux. His architectural training and work as an interior designer …Jun 23, 2023 · Liz Ramanand - Events Writer • June 23, 2023. Small Is Beautiful. Escape reality for just a little bit and go on this unexpected adventure! Small Is Beautiful is showcasing miniature art in the Big Apple, located 718 Broadway in Manhattan. Here, the most beautiful and unique NYC apartments on the market right now. 240 Centre St. #PH. Price $14,900,000. Space 4 beds, 4 baths . Neighborhood Little Italy. This four-story penthouse is the spectacular cherry on top of a true Manhattan landmark. The Police Building, so named because it was actually police headquarters … Small is Beautiful es una aventura sorprendente e inesperada, llena de asombro y emoción, que ofrece una nueva perspectiva del mundo actual: ¡no te la pierdas! 🎁 ¡Regala entradas para la experiencia Small is Beautiful a los tuyos con nuestra Tarjeta Regalo! Descúbrela aquí 🎁. Boletos para Small Is Beautiful en NYC. The much-publicized miniature art exhibit has found its way to New York City. It is currently on view in NoHo. Afnan Abbassi, Staff Writer. Mar 22, 2023. “Small is …Small is Beautiful is E F Schumacher's stimulating and controversial study of world economies. This remarkable book is as relevant today and its themes as pertinent and thought-provoking as when it was first published thirty years ago. Small is Beautiful looks at the economic structure of the Western world in a revolutionary …13)Awe With Wallpaper. One of the stylish small bathroom ideas on a budget to dress up a small bath is to invoke interest and a striking wallpaper is perfect for this task. However, make sure you purchase one that is made specifically for bathrooms, which will be good with the humidity and dampness.Sep 15, 2021 · “Small is beautiful, Miniature Art” is the first European exhibition to compile the work of 20 miniature artists and present their work to the general public. After the undisputed success of the #MiniatureArt phenomenon on social networks, the exhibition offers exclusive access to the magical and sometimes unusual worlds of some of the greatest artists in the movement. The Port Lands Flood Protection Project will re-engineer the Don River’s mouth. <p>MVVA’s team of more than 100 people believes in the rejuvenating power of landscape. Our projects are defined by the qualities of their sites and by the aspirations of people who will use them. MVVA landscapes are innovative, generous, and joyful.</p>.The Gould Memorial Library is one of the incredible buildings of this college. While it currently functions as an office, the marble, stone sculptures, and architecture make it an outstanding building in New York City. Address: 2155 University Ave, Bronx, NY 10453. Hours: Monday to Friday, 7 am to 10:45 pm.The dining room’s $168 five-course tasting, which presently includes Arctic char and roasted duck breast, is splendid for a splurge, or you can order à la carte in the (also lovely) tavern ...The Small Is Beautiful experience is open at 718 Broadway in Manhattan. The Small Is Beautiful universe has captivated over 150,000 guests worldwide and it …『スモール イズ ビューティフル』（英：Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered）は、1973年にイギリスの経済学者、エルンスト・フリードリッヒ・シューマッハーが執筆した、経済学に関するエッセイ集。 エネルギー危機・仏教経済学などが説かれている。Small is Beautiful is E. F. Schumacher's stimulating and controversial study of economics and its purpose. This remarkable book examines our modern economic system - its use of resources and impact on how we live - questioning whether they reflect what we truly care about. The revolutionary ideas are as pertinent, inspirational and thought ...Upstate and into the Hudson Valley, which wraps around the Hudson River, New York is a big, beautiful, rural landscape, complete with winding roads, rolling fields, and waterfalls galore—and all the idyllic towns that lie in between. Go for strolls down main streets, visit museums, peruse antique shops, explore hiking trails, go horseback ...Step into a miniature art universe at the biggest international exhibition entirely devoted to miniature art. More than 130 tiny and highly-detailed artworks...Here are eight of the best parks in NYC for when you want a little outdoor fun. 1. Prospect Park. Designed by the same minds who crafted Central Park, Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, Prospect Park is Brooklyn ‘s answer to the more famous of the two. With Prospect Park, Olmsted and Vaux were able to have a second shot at designing the ...Mar 2, 2023 · Mar 02, 2023, 9:29amUpdated on Mar 02, 2023. By: News 12 Staff. /. The world-renowned exhibit Small is Beautiful: Miniature Art Universe has finally arrived in New York. Over 30 artists from ... The project will tie in with Markle’s new Netflix show, which she is said to be filming now, in a bid to follow in the footsteps of Martha Stewart and Joanna Gaines. 16. … ほめ育財団主催、NYで「sdgsビジョン共有会 2024」 ... you are at: home » small is beautiful » small is beautiful. small is beautiful 0. on 04/05/2023. Sunset, Brooklyn Bridge and Lower Manhattan. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Beautiful New York City stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. Beautiful New York City stock photos are available in a variety of sizes and formats to fit your needs.13)Awe With Wallpaper. One of the stylish small bathroom ideas on a budget to dress up a small bath is to invoke interest and a striking wallpaper is perfect for this task. However, make sure you purchase one that is made specifically for bathrooms, which will be good with the humidity and dampness.With so many stunning Empire State towns to choose from, it’s difficult not to make this list never-ending, but here are 11 of our favorite perfectly picturesque small towns in New York you’ll want to visit for a weekend or day trip adventure. 1. Cazenovia. Doug Kerr/Flickr. Joshua C./Yelp.Saranac Lake. Saranac Lake, New York. As far as towns associated with famous authors go, Saranac Lake is one of the prettiest around. This charming lake town was once home to Robert Louis Stevenson, a famous author known for books such as Treasure Island and Kidnapped.This small Hudson Valley town is only 60 miles from New York City and has a lot to offer, making it a great weekend getaway. Visitors can enjoy delicious food, beautiful Mount Beacon Park, shopping at antique stores and local boutiques, attending events at a cultural center, swimming at The River Pool, and hiking in the Hudson …Here are eight of the best parks in NYC for when you want a little outdoor fun. 1. Prospect Park. Designed by the same minds who crafted Central Park, Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, Prospect Park is Brooklyn ‘s answer to the more famous of the two. With Prospect Park, Olmsted and Vaux were able to have a second shot at designing the ...Here are 12 charming, sometimes overlooked small towns worth a visit. Photo: Kathe Harrington for newyorkupstate.com. Little Falls is located in Herkimer County, about 7 miles east of Herkimer ...Dates: Currently running. Indoor. The Museum of Illusions located at 77 Eighth Avenue in the West Village offers wonderful immersive experiences through multiple innovative illusions, all at a great price of just $24 for adults age 13 and older or $20 age 2-13 children and are good for 6 months after purchase.Saratoga Springs is more than just a beautiful small town in upstate New York — it is also one of the most haunted towns in the area. These spooky sites do, however, offer up a lot of charm ... If you find yourself wandering the vibrant streets of New York City, make sure to carve out some time for an extraordinary experience: a visit to a small, beautiful miniature art exhibition. From microscopic landscapes to pint-sized portraits, the artists behind these mini marvels have poured their hearts into crafting a world that defies ... Small Is Beautiful is the biggest international exhibition entirely devoted to mini art, with more than 130 exclusive pieces from more than 30 artists.Small Is Beautiful is Oxford-trained economist E. F. Schumacher’s classic call for the end of excessive consumption. Schumacher inspired such movements as “Buy Locally” and “Fair Trade,” while voicing strong opposition to “casino capitalism” and wasteful corporate behemoths. Named one of the Times …10. ICA Building. One of two buildings in NYC by renowned architect Frank Gehry (the other being a 76-story skyscraper in Lower Manhattan), the ICA Building at West 18th Street and Eleventh Avenue ...See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Restaurant for a Small Wedding Reception? in New York, NY - March 2024 - Yelp - 45 Downing, Brooklyn Winery, The Skylark, The River Café, Tribeca Rooftop, Naturally Delicious, One If By Land Two If By Sea, Riverpark, Bouley Botanical, Scottadito Osteria Toscana.In New World of Military Spending, Small Is Beautiful. By James Flanigan. Nov. 18, 2009. AT one time, it may have been true that “an army marches on its stomach.”. But with food supplies ...Mar 2, 2023 · Small Is Beautiful: Miniature Art Exhibition. March 2, 2023, 10:00 am – October 15, 2023, 7:00 pm. Small Is Beautiful. 718 Broadway. New York NY + Google Map. SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL Economics as If People Mattered E. F. SCHUMACHER 1973 London: Blond & Briggs . ... To do something on a small scale is one thing: to do it on a gigantic scale is quite another, and to make an impact on the world fuel problem, contributions have to be truly gigantic. Who will say that the problem ofMar 2, 2023 · FOX 5 NY's Christal Young reports. NEW YORK - For art fans – or those who appreciate the miniature things in life – a new exhibit has opened in Manhattan to showcase the tedious, small-scale ... Feb 1, 2004 · Small Is Beautiful on Lexington Ave. ELEANOR LAMBERT, the legendary fashion publicist, who put Halston and Calvin Klein on the international fashion map, was known for her uncanny prescience. But ... Here are nine of the most beautiful, scenic spots you can check out in New York, many just a few hours away from Manhattan. The Most Charming Small Towns in New Jersey 1.One of the exhibition’s featured artists is dollhouse-maker Nicolas Guérin, who joins Small is Beautiful in New York from Paris, France. Guérin specializes in 17th- and 18th-Century, French Revolution-era architecture with a focus on mansions, townhouses, and châteaux. His architectural training and work as an interior designer …Once back in their rooms, often with postcard-worthy views of Central Park, guests can luxuriate in the interiors designed by Lisbon-born Alexandra Champalimaud, many with art deco flourishes, deep soaking tubs, and wall murals …7. Verandah Place (Cobble Hill) View this post on Instagram. A post shared by Zoë (@zmarcus) Situated in Cobble Hill’s Historic District, this little street harkens back to its mid-1800s roots ...Asbury Park, New Jersey. Hipster and cool, Asbury Park is – in a way – the Williamsburg of New Jersey, with one of the most exciting boardwalks in the US. The town was popular for its casino during the 1920s, before Bruce Springsteen played legendary shows here at the Stone Pony in the 1970s. The Pony is still very much alive, while Asbury ...⭐ Small Is Beautiful is more than a miniature art exhibition: it is a community for fans of all things small that has already made waves in London, Paris, Brussels, and New York City. Join the waitlist now and be a part of the #MiniatureArt phenomenon! The Experience 🎫 Waitlist for Small Is Beautiful: Miniature Art ExhibitionIt is a beautiful, small private college that offers an excellent environment for academics. It also happens to be one of the most beautiful New York colleges to visit. The 150-acre wooded land here offers many opportunities for relaxing, but the college is particularly pretty in winter when a blanket of pristine white snow covers the college ...One of the exhibition’s featured artists is dollhouse-maker Nicolas Guérin, who joins Small is Beautiful in New York from Paris, France. Guérin specializes in 17th- and 18th-Century, French Revolution-era architecture with a focus on mansions, townhouses, and châteaux. His architectural training and work as an interior designer …Offering a crucial message for the modern world struggling to balance economic growth with the human costs of globalisation, Small Is Beautiful puts forward the revolutionary yet viable case for building our economies around the needs of communities, not corporations. Report an issue with this product. ISBN-10. 0099225611. ISBN-13. 978-0099225614.Subscribe to our Free Newsletter to Stay Up-To-Date on Events in your City Deets: XXS art in an XXL exhibition! A gallery in the heart of NYC will soon host Small Is Beautiful’s unique experience devoted to the tiny yet vast world of miniature art. You read that right: 32 local and internationJul 28, 2023 · 5. See art through a new lens. Whether it’s shadowology, global art pieces or appreciating local artists, Small Is Beautiful offers a space to experience unique art. Some of the pieces are so tiny you have to look through a magnifying glass. Experiencing this type of art takes time and patience to observe. Amano Cafe. Website: Amano Cafe. Neighborhood: West Village. Address: 172 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10014. Amano Cafe, located in the West Village, stands out as one of the most adorable cafes in New York City. The airy, light-filled space brightens the morning for New Yorkers, setting a cheerful tone for the day. Small Is Beautiful is a collection of essays by British economist E. F. Schumacher. Hailed as an “eco-bible” by the Time Magazine, Schumacher’s richly researched statement on sustainability has become more relevant and popular with each year since its initial publication during the 1973 energy crisis. A landmark statement against ... 🔑 Validity: the code can only be used for Tickets for The Miniature Art Museum: Small Is Beautiful (New York) on any available date 📱 Please see your confirmation email for all essential information. General Info 📍 Location: 718 Broadway, New York, NY 10003 👤 Age requirement: all ages welcome ⏳ Duration: the visit will take up to ... Access-restricted-item true Addeddate 2011-09-26 16:30:58 Bookplateleaf 0008 Boxid IA151501 Boxid_2 CH122908 Camera Canon EOS 5D Mark II City New York DonorSee more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Restaurant for a Small Wedding Reception? in New York, NY - March 2024 - Yelp - 45 Downing, Brooklyn Winery, The Skylark, The River Café, Tribeca Rooftop, Naturally Delicious, One If By Land Two If By Sea, Riverpark, Bouley Botanical, Scottadito Osteria Toscana. “Small is Beautiful, Miniature Art” is the first international exhibition to compile the work of 32 international miniature artists and present their work to the general public. After the undisputed success of the #MiniatureArt phenomenon on social networks, the exhibition offers exclusive access to the magical and sometimes unusual worlds ... 🤏 A Small Is Beautiful exhibition devoted to miniature art makes its way to the US after visiting Paris and London! 🎨 See over 120 exclusive artworks and 80 photographs by 32 local & international artists … Small is Beautiful es una aventura sorprendente e inesperada, llena de asombro y emoción, que ofrece una nueva perspectiva del mundo actual: ¡no te la pierdas! 🎁 ¡Regala entradas para la experiencia Small is Beautiful a los tuyos con nuestra Tarjeta Regalo! Descúbrela aquí 🎁. Boletos para Small Is Beautiful en NYC. The 'Small is Beautiful' exhibition, running until January 13 next year, features a total of 126 works of art with all kinds of themes and formats at the Galerie Joseph in the French capital.Before the publication of Small is Beautiful, his bestselling reappraisal of Western economic attitudes, Dr E. F. Schumacher was already well known as an economist, journalist and progressive entrepreneur.He was Economic Adviser to the National Coal Board from 1950 to 1970, and was also the originator of the concept of …Small Is Beautiful will host creative miniature art workshops for children ages 7 to 12, offered in partnership with the Musée en Herbe. These workshops are available for groups of up to 10 children which will need to be accompanied by a parent or guardian. ... New York and Los Angeles. The …The 'Small is Beautiful' exhibition, running until January 13 next year, features a total of 126 works of art with all kinds of themes and formats at the Galerie Joseph in the French capital. Small is Beautiful looks at the economic structure of the Western world in a revolutionary way. Schumacher maintains that Man's current pursuit of profit and progress, which promotes giant organisations and increased specialisation, has in fact resulted in gross economic ineffieciency, environmental pollution and inhumane working conditions. Small Is Beautiful will host creative miniature art workshops for children ages 7 to 12, offered in partnership with the Musée en Herbe. These workshops are available for groups of up to 10 children which will need to be accompanied by a parent or guardian. ... New York and Los Angeles. The …Jun 25, 2023 · 4. Fire Island. Where to Stay: Residence Inn by Marriott Holtsville (from $169/night); Mod 8 Cabin (from $156/night, sleeps 2); Fire Island Tree House (from $1,120/night, sleeps 6) This small barrier island is situated on the southern shore of Long Island, with most points accessible in under 2.5 hours. The Port Lands Flood Protection Project will re-engineer the Don River’s mouth. <p>MVVA’s team of more than 100 people believes in the rejuvenating power of landscape. Our projects are defined by the qualities of their sites and by the aspirations of people who will use them. MVVA landscapes are innovative, generous, and joyful.</p>.Nov 15, 2023 · Small Is Beautiful is more than a miniature art exhibition: it is a community for fans of all things small. Having already made waves in London and Paris, this unique experience is now making its way to NYC. Get your tickets now and join the #MiniatureArt phenomenon! The Port Lands Flood Protection Project will re-engineer the Don River’s mouth. <p>MVVA’s team of more than 100 people believes in the rejuvenating power of landscape. Our projects are defined by the qualities of their sites and by the aspirations of people who will use them. MVVA landscapes are innovative, generous, and joyful.</p>.See more reviews for this business. Top 10 Best Restaurant for a Small Wedding Reception? in New York, NY - March 2024 - Yelp - 45 Downing, Brooklyn Winery, The Skylark, The River Café, Tribeca Rooftop, Naturally Delicious, One If By Land Two If By Sea, Riverpark, Bouley Botanical, Scottadito Osteria Toscana.Eleven Madison Park. Capacity: Up to 18, 34 or 50. Eleven Madison Park has space for up to 50 guests in its private dining rooms / ©Eleven Madison Park. Continuously regarded as one of the best restaurants in New York (and one of the most revolutionary with its relatively recent commitment to going fully vegan ), Eleven Madison Park is a must ...Feb 21, 2023 · Family Bundle (Min. 1 adult & 1 Child) Highlights. 🤏 A Small Is Beautiful exhibition devoted to miniature art makes its way to the US after visiting Paris and London! 🎨 See over 120 exclusive artworks and 80 photographs by 32 local & international artists.
Feb 26, 2024 · Here is our list of the 10 most beautiful small towns near NYC: 1. Hobart Village, Northern Catskills region. This little village in upstate New York is not just one of the most beautiful small towns near NYC, it’s also a book lover’s dream–it’s made up practically entirely of bookstores! Seven different independent bookstores call ... . Gliem
New York Spotlight: Small is Beautiful . 22 Nov 2023. by Elizabeth Low. An intimate world of miniature art, offering a unique blend of whimsy and depth, perfect for immersive experience seekers this winter. Having previously captured the hearts of Londoners and Parisians, "Small is Beautiful" is now enchanting New …Step into a miniature art universe at the biggest international exhibition entirely devoted to miniature art. More than 130 tiny and highly-detailed artworks...Mar 20, 2023 · 10. Basia Wesolowska – London. Photo courtesy of Alistair Veryard Photography/Small Is Beautiful. This Polish-born, London-based artist designs these vertical art dreamscapes encased in glass jars. Basia Wesolowska refers to these otherworldly sculptures as “Lands of Glass.”. These faraway towers whisk the viewer away. 7. Brooklyn Public Library, Central Branch. Designed to physically resemble an open book, this 1941 Art Deco building is arguably Brooklyn’s most popular library. Overlooking Grand Army Plaza ...Feb 28, 2023 · The exhibition Small is Beautiful, featuring over 100 tiny art pieces, is now on view in New York. ... New York, New York City, Small is Beautiful. Rhea Nayyar Rhea Nayyar (she/her) is a New York ... Is there any good list or guide to the small museums of NYC? Or what are your favourites? ... It’s a beautiful museum with a nice cafe but the Museum of the City of New York is a better museum. ... Queens is the easternmost of the five boroughs of New York City, the largest in area and the second-largest in population. Since 1899, Queens has ...As a local who’s experienced many of New York’s charming villages and towns, I feel confident in passing along which ones are the absolute best. Table of Contents. 21 Best Towns in New York. Ithaca. Woodstock. New …“Small is beautiful, Miniature Art” Collective exhibition, 718 Broadway, New York, NY 10003, 2023.Small Is Beautiful changed the way many people think about bigness and its human costs. New York Times. An eco-bible. Time magazine. Embracing what Schumacher stood for—above all the idea of sensible scale—is the task for our time. Small is Beautiful could not be more relevant. It was first published in 1973, …Feb 21, 2023 · Family Bundle (Min. 1 adult & 1 Child) Highlights. 🤏 A Small Is Beautiful exhibition devoted to miniature art makes its way to the US after visiting Paris and London! 🎨 See over 120 exclusive artworks and 80 photographs by 32 local & international artists. Saranac Lake. Saranac Lake, New York. As far as towns associated with famous authors go, Saranac Lake is one of the prettiest around. This charming lake town was once home to Robert Louis Stevenson, a famous author known for books such as Treasure Island and Kidnapped.Amano Cafe. Website: Amano Cafe. Neighborhood: West Village. Address: 172 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10014. Amano Cafe, located in the West Village, stands out as one of the most adorable cafes in New York City. The airy, light-filled space brightens the morning for New Yorkers, setting a cheerful tone for the day.This small Hudson Valley town is only 60 miles from New York City and has a lot to offer, making it a great weekend getaway. Visitors can enjoy delicious food, beautiful Mount Beacon Park, shopping at antique stores and local boutiques, attending events at a cultural center, swimming at The River Pool, and hiking in the Hudson …Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered is a collection of essays published in 1973 by German-born British economist E. F. Schumacher. The title "Small Is Beautiful" came from a principle espoused by Schumacher's teacher Leopold Kohr, advancing small, appropriate technologies, … If you find yourself wandering the vibrant streets of New York City, make sure to carve out some time for an extraordinary experience: a visit to a small, beautiful miniature art exhibition. From microscopic landscapes to pint-sized portraits, the artists behind these mini marvels have poured their hearts into crafting a world that defies ... .